Deer

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Eventually this topic will discuss both the natural history of deer in Wisconsin as well as the issue of deer herd management, including the issues relating to hunting deer.

A classic document on the question of deer herd management is the Minority Report of the Citizens' Deer Committee to Wisconsin Conservation Commission by a committee chaired by Aldo Leopold in which an antlerless hunt deer hunt is recommended. It also provides an estimate, challenged, of the deer population of Wisconsin at half a million. A recent DNR report cited this as follows:

"Estimating the number of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Wisconsin has been controversial for many years. In 1943 Aldo Leopold estimated the Wisconsin deer population at 500,000 animals. His estimate was questioned by Roy Jorgensen, editor of "Save Wisconsin's Deer" who instead suggested there were 200,000 deer." An Evaluation of the SAK Model.

Charles P. Forbes

August 31, 2009

Comprehensive References

Christensen, Earl, Phytosociological Study of the Winter Range of Deer in Northern Wisconsin, Ph.D. Thesis, Madison, 1954. View Full Record

Feeney, et al., Wisconsin: Deer Management Research, Pittman-Robertson Quarterly, Vol. 4, #3, July 1944, pp. 122-3., Washington, 1944. View Full Record

Habeck and Curtis, Forest Cover and Deer Population Densities in Early Northern Wisconsin, Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Vol. 48, 1959., Madison, 1959. View Full Record

Habeck, James, Winter Deer Activity in the White Cedar Swamps of Northern Wisconsin, Ecology, Vol. 41, #2, April 1960, pp. 327-33, Bethesda, MD, 1960. View Full Record

Jackson, H. H. T., Mammals of Wisconsin, Madison, 1961. View Full Record

Leopold, Aldo, Mortgaging the Future Deer Herd, Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin, 12:9, Sept 1947, p. 3., Madison, 1947. View Full Record

Leopold, Aldo, Game Survey of the North Central States, Washington, 1931. View Full Record

Leopold, Aldo, et al., Minority Report of the Citizens' Deer Committee to Wisconsin Conservation Commission, Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin, Vol. 8, #8, August, 1943, Madison, 1943. View Full Record

Manwell, Robert, Reducing the CWD Risk, Wisconsin Natural Resources, 26:5, October 2002, pp. 25-28., Madison, 2002. View Full Record

McCombie, Brian, Who Is To Blame for Mad Deer?, The Progressive, August 2002, Madison, 2002. View Full Record

McCullough, Dale , Population Growth Rate of the George Reserve Deer Herd, Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 46, #4, 1982, pp. 1079-83., Bethesda, MD, 1982. View Full Record

Rawlings, Marjorie, Yearling, New York, 1939. View Full Record

Russell, Dan, Antler Anatomy, Country, Nov 1982 p.31, 1982. View Full Record

Sanderson, Ivan, Living Mammals of the World, Garden City, New York, 1955. View Full Record

Sayner-Star Lake Chamber of Commerce, Star Lake, Wisconsin, Annual Tourist Brochure, Sayner, 2008. View Full Record

Scott, Jack, Durable Deer, Reader's Digest, Dec 1969 p.217. Orig. National Wildlife, Dec 1969-Jan 1970, 1969. View Full Record

Warnke, Keith, Sizing Up the Deer Herd, Wisconsin Natural Resources, Vol. 33, #5, October, 2009, pp. 4-9, Madison, 2009. View Full Record

Wiener, Rob, Ed., Surveying Species, Monitoring Wisconsin's Wildlife, Northbound, Vol. 27, #1, Winter 2007., Eagle River, 2007. View Full Record

Willging, Robert, On the Hunt, Madison, 2009. View Full Record

Major References

Flader, Susan, Thinking Like a Mountain, Lincoln, NE, 1978. View Full Record

Hester, F. Eugene, Bucks in the Rut, Wisconsin Trails, 28 #5, Oct. 2004, pp. 10-16., Black Earth, 2004. View Full Record

Krech, Shepard, Ecological Indian, Myth and History, NY, 1999. View Full Record

Manwell, Robert, Appetite for Trouble, Wisconsin Natural Resources, Vol. 31, #5, October, 2007, pp. 17-20., Madison, 2007. View Full Record

McCaffery and Creed, Significance of Forest Openings to Deer in Northern Wisconsin, Technical Bulletin No. 44, Madison, 1969. View Full Record

McCown and Wallenfang, Wisconsin's Deer Management Program, DNR PUBL-SS-931-98, Second Edition, Madison, 1998. View Full Record

Millspaugh et al., Evaluation of the SAK [Sex-Age-Kill] Model as Applied in Wisconsin, Draft Report to the DNR Bureau of Wildlife Management, Madison, 2006. View Full Record

Mitchell, John, Our Wily White-tailed Deer, Smithsonian, Nov 1982 p.110, Washington, 1982. View Full Record

Ohio Division of Wildlife, White-tailed Deer, Life History Notes, Publication 101, Columbus, 1999. View Full Record

Schorger, A. W., White-Tailed Deer in Early Wisconsin, Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Vol. 42, 1953, Madison, 1953. View Full Record

Swift, Ernest, History of Wisconsin Deer, Madison, 1946. View Full Record

Minor References