Native American Era in Wisconsin

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Native American Era in Wisconsin

There is evidence that native peoples moved into what is now Wisconsin immediately behind the retreating glacial ice sheets. According to Dr. David Overstreet, Director of the Center for Archaeology Research at Marquette University, "These sites [in Door County] are contributing proof that people were living at the margins of the retreating ice sheets, hunting wooly mammoths and bison as they followed the advance and retreat of glaciers across the state." [Walloch: Earliest Riparians] He continues: "These early people developed sophisticated scavenging, hunting and boat building strategies to deal with their fluctuating environment." According to Andrew Walloch, writing in Lake Tides (2004), "Since Dr. Overstreet's discovery of a Paleo-Indian site near Pleasant Prairie in Kenosha County, Wisconsin in 1987, he has been piecing together the early human history of the upper Great Lakes.." [Ibid.]The sites suggest native people in the upper great lakes about 9000 B.C.E.

[This topic has just been started; much more needs to be written. Authors are invited.]

Charles P. Forbes
August 24, 2006
© 2006 Charles P. Forbes

Comprehensive References

Mazina'igan, Odanah, WI, 2007. View Full Record
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Arzigian, Constance, Prehistoric Native American Use of Nuts and Berries from the Forests of Wisconsin, Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Forest History Assn. of WI, Sept. 9-10, 1995, Plover, WI, 1995. View Full Record
Birmingham and Eisenberg, Indian Mounds of Wisconsin, Madison, 2000. View Full Record
Bloomfield, Leonard, Menominee Lexicon, Milwaukee Public Museum Publications in Anthropology & History, No. 1, Milwaukee, 1975. View Full Record
Bruhy, Mark, Zarling Lake Site, Wisconsin Archeologist, Vol. 83, No. 2, July-Dec. 2002, pp. 55-75/, Milwaukee, 2002. View Full Record
Bruhy and Wackman, Test Excavations at the Butternut Lake Site, The Wisconsin Archeologist, Vol. 61, #4, New Series, Dec. 1980, 1980. View Full Record
Calkins, Hiram, Indian Nomenclature, Wisconsin Historical Collections, Vol. 1, pp. 119-126., Madison, 1903. View Full Record
Davis, Mary, Eastern Old-Growth Forests, Washington, 1996. View Full Record
Egan-Bruhy and Bruhy, Zarling Lake Site (47 FR-186): A Northern Oneota Site in Forest County, Wisconsin., Wis Arch News, 2:2, 2000, p 3, Milwaukee, 2000. View Full Record
Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission, Gidakiiminaan (Our Earth), Paperback and CD Versions, Odanah, WI, 2007. View Full Record
Hibbard, Benjamin, Indian Agriculture in Southern Wisconsin, Wis. Conservation Bulletin, March 47, V12#3. p.18., 1947. View Full Record
Huntington, Ellsworth, Red Man's Continent, The; A Chronicle of Aboriginal America, The Yale chronicles of America Series, New York, 1919. View Full Record
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Josephy, Alvin, 500 Nations, New York, 1994. View Full Record
Kanetzke, Howard, Ed., Wisconsin Indians, Badger History, 1965, Madison, 1965. View Full Record
Kanetzke, Howard, Ed., Wisconsin Indians, II, Badger History Vol. XXI, #2, Nov. 1967, Madison, 1967. View Full Record
La Farge, Oliver, Pictorial History of the American Indian, New York, 1956. View Full Record
Pohlman, et al. (ed.), Wisconsin Land Legacy Report, Madison, 2006. View Full Record
Ritzenthaler, Robert, Vilas County Serpent Mound, Wisconsin Archeologist, Vol. 28, No. 3, Sept. 1947, Milwaukee, 1947. View Full Record
Salzer, R. J., Wisconsin North Lakes Project, Aspects of Great Lakes Anthropology, Minnesota Prehistoric Archaeology Series, No. 11, St. Paul, 1974. View Full Record
Smith, Alice, From Exploration to Statehood, The History of Wisconsin, Volume I, Madison, 1985. View Full Record
Standing Woman and Steve Comer, Old-Growth Forests: A Native American Perspective, In: Davis: Eastern Old-Growth Forests, Chapter 8. (See Bibliography entry), Washington, 1996. View Full Record
Time-Life Books, Editors, People of the Lakes, The American Indians, Alexandria, VA, 1994. View Full Record
US Agriculture, Dept. of, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Proceedings--Symnposium and Workshop on Wilderness Fire, Missoula, MT Nov. 1983, US Forest Service General Technical Report INT-182, Ogden, UT, 1985. View Full Record
US, Interior, Dept. of, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indians of the Great Lakes Area, Washington, 1968. View Full Record
Wennersten, John, The Chesapeake Environment, Maryland Historical Magazine 91:2, Summe, 1996, pp.156-179, Baltimore, 1996. View Full Record
Whitney, Gordon, From Coastal Wilderness to Fruited Plain, New York, 1994. View Full Record
Wisconsin Archeological Society, Index Issue, Wisconsin Archeologist 81:1&2, Jan-Dec. 2000., Milwaukee, 2000. View Full Record
Wyatt, Barbara, Cultural Resource Management in Wisconsin, Washington, 1986. View Full Record
Wyman, Mark, Wisconsin Frontier, Bloomington, IN, 1998. View Full Record

Major References

Bokern, James, Canoe Routes of the Chippewa, M.S. Thesis, Stevens Point, 1987. View Full Record
Bowden, Charles, Native Lands, National Geographic, Vol. 218, #2, August 2010, Washington, 2010. View Full Record
Hathaway, Joshua, Indian Names, Wisconsin Historical Collections, Vol. 1, Pp. 116-118, Madison, 1903. View Full Record
Hunzicker, David, Little Rice Lake Site, Wis. Archeologist, 83:1, Jan-June 2002, pp. 45-62., Milwaukee, 2002. View Full Record
Jalbert, Andrew, Wisconsin's Ancient Canoes, Wis Arch News 3:1, 2001, p. 6, Milwaukee, 2000. View Full Record
Krech, Shepard, Ecological Indian, Myth and History, NY, 1999. View Full Record
Lurie, Nancy, Wisconsin Indians, Revised and Expanded Edition, Madison, 2002. View Full Record
Mann, Charles, 1491, New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus, NY, 2005. View Full Record
Quimby, George, Indian Life in the Upper Great Lakes, Chicago, 1960. View Full Record
Ritzenthaler, Robert and Pat, Woodland Indians, Prospect Heights, IL, 1991. View Full Record
Satz, Ronald, Chippewa Treat Rights, Wis. Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Transactions Vol. 79, #1., Madison, 1991. View Full Record
Shea, John, Indian Tribes of Wisconsin, Wisconsin Historical Collections, Vol. 3, pp. 125 ff., Madison, 1903. View Full Record
Silverberg, Robert, Mound Builders, Athens, Ohio, 1986. View Full Record
Walloch, Andrew, Earliest Riparians, Ancient Wisconsin Lakes Uncovered, Lake Tides, Vol. 29, #2, Spring 2004, pp. 9-10., Stevens Point, 2004. View Full Record
Warren, William, History of the Ojibway People, Borealis Books (Reprints), St. Paul, 1984. View Full Record
Wissler, Clark, Indians of the United States, Revised Edition by Lucy Wales Kluckhorn. The Natural History Library, Garden City, NY, 1966. View Full Record